وَلَقَدْ كَذَّبَ أَصْحَٰبُ ٱلْحِجْرِ ٱلْمُرْسَلِينَ
Dan sesungguhnya penduduk-penduduk kota Al Hijr telah mendustakan rasul-rasul,
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
The Destruction of the Dwellers of Al-Hijr, Who are the People called Thamud
The Dwellers of the Al Hijr were the people of Thamud who rejected their Prophet, Salih. Whoever denies even one Messenger, then he has disbelieved in all of the Messengers, thus they are described as rejecting "the Messengers". Allah tells us that he (Salih) brought them signs to prove that what he was telling them was true, such as the she-camel which Allah created for them out of a solid rock in response to the supplication of Salih. This she-camel was grazing on their lands, and the people and the camel took water on alternate days that were well-known. When they rebelled and killed it, he said to them,
تَمَتَّعُواْ فِى دَارِكُمْ ثَلَـثَةَ أَيَّامٍ ذلِكَ وَعْدٌ غَيْرُ مَكْذُوبٍ
("Enjoy yourselves in your homes for three days. This is a promise which will not be belied.") 11:65 Allah said:
وَأَمَّا ثَمُودُ فَهَدَيْنَـهُمْ فَاسْتَحَبُّواْ الْعَمَى عَلَى الْهُدَى
(And as for Thamud, We showed them and made the path of truth clear but they preferred blindness to guidance.) 41:17 Allah tells us that,
وَكَانُواْ يَنْحِتُونَ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتًا ءَامِنِينَ
(And they used to hew out dwellings from the mountains, (feeling) secure. ) meaning, they were without fear and they had no real need for those houses; it was merely a form of extravagance and work without a purpose. This could be seen from their work in the houses in the Al-Hijr through which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed on his way to Tabuk. He covered his head and urged his camel to go faster, saying to his Companions:
«لَا تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ الْقَوْمِ الْمُعَذَّبِينَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونُوا بَاكِينَ، فَإِنَّ لَمْ تَبْكُوا فَتَبَاكُوا خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ مَا أَصَابَهُم»
(Do not enter the dwellings of those who were punished unless you are weeping, and if you do not weep then make yourself weep out of fear that perhaps what struck them may also strike you.)
فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الصَّيْحَةُ مُصْبِحِينَ
(But the Sayhah (torment - awful cry) overtook them in the early morning.) meaning in the morning of the fourth day.
فَمَآ أَغْنَى عَنْهُمْ مَّا كَانُواْ يَكْسِبُونَ
(And all that they used to earn availed them not.) meaning all of the benefits that they used to gain from their crops and fruits, and the water which they did not want to share with the she-camel that they killed so that it would not reduce their share of the water - all of that wealth would not protect them or help them when the command of their Lord came to pass.
وَمَا خَلَقْنَا السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَآ إِلاَّ بِالْحَقِّ وَإِنَّ السَّاعَةَ لآتِيَةٌ فَاصْفَحِ الصَّفْحَ الْجَمِيلَ
Hadits Terkait
Telah bercerita kepadaku [Muhammad] telah mengabarkan kepada kami ['Abdullah] dari [Ma'mar] dari [Az Zuhriy] berkata telah mengabarkan kepadaku [Salim bin 'Abdullah] dari [bapaknya radliallahu 'anhum] bahwa Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam ketika berjalan melewati al-Hijr, Beliau berkata: "Janganlah kalian memasuki tempat tinggal orang-orang yang telah menzhalimi diri mereka sendiri kecuali jika kalian menangis, karena dikhawatirkan kalian terkena musibah sebagaimana mereka mendapatkannya". Kemudian Beliau menutup kepala dan wajah Beliau sedangkan Beliau berada di atas tunggangan
Telah bercerita kepada kami [Muhammad bin Miskin abu Al Hasan] telah bercerita kepada kami [Yahya bin Hassan bin Hayyan Abu Zakariya'] telah bercerita kepada kami [Sulaiman] dari ['Abdullah bin Dinar] dari [Ibnu 'Umar radliallahu 'anhuma] bahwa Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam ketika singgah di al-Hijr (suatu daerah pegunungan yang pernah dijadikan Kaum Tsamud bertempat tinggal dan dibinasakan) pada waktu perang Tabuk, Beliau memerintahkan agar pasukan tidak minum dari air sumurnya dan tidak mengambil airnya. Mereka berkata; "Kami telah membuat adonan roti dengan airnya dan telah mengambil airnya". Maka Beliau memerintahkan agar membuang adonan roti dan menumpahkan air-air tersebut". Dan diriwayatkan dari Sabrah bin Ma'bad dan Abu Asy Syamus bahwa Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam memerintahkan agar memuntahkan makanan. Dan Abu Dzarr berkata dari Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam; "Yaitu agar menumpahkan adonan roti yang dibuat menggunakan air sumur itu
Telah bercerita kepada kami [Ibrahim bin Al Mundzir] telah bercerita kepada kami [Anas bin 'Iyadl] dari ['Ubaidullah] dari [Nafi'] bahwa ['Abdullah bin 'Umar radliallahu 'anhu] mengabarkan kepadanya bahwa ada serombongan orang (Sahabat) yang bepergian bersama Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam kemudian singgah di al-Hijr, negeri Kaum Tsamud, lalu mereka mengambil air dari sumurnya dan membuat adonan roti, maka Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam memerintahkan mereka agar menumpahkan air yang di ambil dari sumurnya dan agar adonan roti dijadikan makanan buat unta dan memerintahkan mereka agar mengambil air dari sumur-sumur yang dilalui oleh unta". Hadits ini diikuti pula oleh [Usamah] dari [Nafi]