ذَٰلِكَ عِيسَى ٱبْنُ مَرْيَمَ ۚ قَوْلَ ٱلْحَقِّ ٱلَّذِى فِيهِ يَمْتَرُونَ
Itulah Isa putera Maryam, yang mengatakan perkataan yang benar, yang mereka berbantah-bantahan tentang kebenarannya.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
`Isa is the Servant of Allah and not His Son
Allah, the Exalted, says to His Messenger Muhammad ﷺ, `This is the story which We have related to you about `Isa,' upon him be peace.
قَوْلَ الْحَقِّ الَّذِى فِيهِ يَمْتُرُونَ
((It is) a statement of truth about which they doubt.) lThis means that the people of falsehood and the people of truth are in disagreement, of those who believe in him and those who disbelieve believe in him. For this reason most of the reciters recited this Ayah with Qawlul-Haqq (statement of truth) as the subject, referring to `Isa himself. `Asim and `Abdullah bin `Amir both recited it Qawlal-Haqq (statement of truth) referring to the story in its entirety that the people differed about. It is reported from Ibn Mas`ud that he recited it as Qalal-Haqqa, which means that he (`Isa) said the truth. The recitation of the Ayah with the Qawlul-Haqq being the subject referring to `Isa, is the most apparent meaning grammatically. It has support for it in the statement of Allah after the story of `Isa,
الْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ فَلاَ تَكُنْ مِّن الْمُمْتَرِينَ
((This is) the truth from your Lord, so be not of those who doubt.) 3:60 When Allah mentioned that He created him as a servant and a Prophet, He extolled Himself, the Most Holy, by saying,
مَا كَانَ للَّهِ أَن يَتَّخِذَ مِن وَلَدٍ سُبْحَـنَهُ
(It befits not (the majesty of) Allah that He should beget a son. Glorified be He.) Means glory be unto Him, He is far exalted above that which these ignorant, wrongdoing, transgressing people say about Him.
إِذَا قَضَى أَمْرًا فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ
(When He decrees a thing, He only says to it: "Be!" -- and it is.) Whenever He wants something, He merely commands it and it happens as He wills. This is as Allah says,
إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسَى عِندَ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ ءَادَمَ خَلَقَهُ مِن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ - الْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ فَلاَ تَكُنْ مِّن الْمُمْتَرِينَ
(Verily, the likeness of `Isa before Allah is the likeness of Adam. He created him from dust, then said to him: "Be" -- and he was. (This is) the truth from your Lord, so be not of those who doubt.) 3:59-60
`Isa commanded the Worship of Allah Alone, then the People differed after Him
Allah said;
وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ رَبِّى وَرَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ هَـذَا صِرَطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ
(And verily, Allah is my Lord and your Lord. So worship Him. That is the straight path.) Among those things which `Isa said to his people while he was in his cradle is that Allah was his Lord and their Lord, and he commanded them to worship Him alone. He said,
فَاعْبُدُوهُ هَـذَا صِرَطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ
(So worship Him. That is the straight path.) Meaning, "That which I have come to you with from Allah is the straight path." This means that the path is correct; whoever follows it will be rightly guided and whoever opposes it will deviate and go astray. Allah's statement,
فَاخْتَلَفَ الاٌّحْزَابُ مِن بَيْنِهِمْ
(Then the sects differed,) means that the opinions of the People of the Book differed concerning `Isa even after the explanation of his affair and the clarification of his situation. They disagreed about his being the servant of Allah, His Messenger, and His Word that He cast upon Maryam and a spirit from Himself. So a group of them -- who were the majority of the Jews (may Allah's curses be upon them) -- determined that he was a child of fornication and that his speaking in his cradle was merely sorcery. Another group said that it was Allah Who was speaking (not `Isa). Others said that he (`Isa) was the son of Allah. Some said that he was the third part of a divine trinity with Allah. Yet, others said that he was the servant of Allah and His Messenger. This latter view is the statement of truth, which Allah guided the believers to. A report similar with this meaning has been reported from `Amr bin Maymun, Ibn Jurayj, Qatadah and others from the Salaf (predecessors) and the Khalaf (later generations). Allah said,
فَوْيْلٌ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن مَّشْهِدِ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
(so woe unto the disbelievers from the meeting of a great Day.) This is a threat and severe warning for those who lie about Allah, invent falsehood and claim that He (Allah) has a son. However, Allah has given them respite until the Day of Resurrection, and He has delayed their term out of gentleness and confident reliance upon His divine decree overcoming them. Verily, Allah does not hasten the affair of those who disobey Him. This has been related in a Hadith collected in the Two Sahihs,
«إِنَّ اللهَ لَيُمْلِي لِلظَّالِمِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَخَذَهُ لَمْ يُفْلِتْه»
(Verily, Allah gives respite to the wrongdoer until He seizes him and he will not be able to escape Him.) Then, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the Ayah,
وَكَذلِكَ أَخْذُ رَبِّكَ إِذَا أَخَذَ الْقُرَى وَهِىَ ظَـلِمَةٌ إِنَّ أَخْذَهُ أَلِيمٌ شَدِيدٌ
(Such is the punishment of your Lord when He punishes the towns while they are doing wrong. Verily, His punishment is painful, (and) severe.) 11:102 In the Two Sahihs it is also reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«لَا أَحَدَ أَصْبَرُ عَلَى أَذىً سَمِعَهُ مِنَ اللهِ، إِنَّهُمْ يَجْعَلُونَ لَهُ وَلَدًا وَهُوَ يَرْزُقُهُمْ وَيُعَافِيهِم»
(No one is more patient with something harmful that he hears than Allah. Verily, they attribute to Him a son, while He is the One Who provides them sustenance and good health.) Allah says,
وَكَأَيِّن مِّن قَرْيَةٍ أَمْلَيْتُ لَهَا وَهِىَ ظَـلِمَةٌ ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُهَا وَإِلَىَّ الْمَصِيرُ
(And many a township did I give respite while it was given to wrongdoing. Then I punished it. And to me is the (final) return (of all).) 22:48 Allah, the Exalted, also says,
وَلاَ تَحْسَبَنَّ اللَّهَ غَـفِلاً عَمَّا يَعْمَلُ الظَّـلِمُونَ إِنَّمَا يُؤَخِّرُهُمْ لِيَوْمٍ تَشْخَصُ فِيهِ الأَبْصَـرُ
(Consider not that Allah is unaware of that which the wrongdoers do, but He gives them respite up to a Day when the eyes will stare in horror.)14:42 This is the reason that Allah says here,
فَوْيْلٌ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن مَّشْهِدِ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
(So woe unto the disbelievers from the meeting of a great Day.) referring to the Day of Resurrection. It has been related in an authentic Hadith that is agreed upon (in Al-Bukhari and Muslim), on the authority of `Ubadah bin As-Samit who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«مَنْ شَهِدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، وَأَنَّ عِيسَى عَبْدُاللهِ وَرَسُولُهُ وَكَلِمَتُهُ أَلْقَاهَا إِلَى مَرْيَمَ وَرُوحٌ مِنْهُ، وَأَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ حَقٌّ وَالنَّارَ حَقٌّ، أَدْخَلَهُ اللهُ الْجَنَّةَ عَلَى مَا كَانَ مِنَ الْعَمَل»
(Whoever testifies that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah alone, Who has no partners, and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger, and that `Isa was Allah's servant and Messenger, and His Word that He cast upon Maryam, and a spirit from Him, and that Paradise and Hell are both real, then Allah will admit him into Paradise regardless of whatever he did.)
أَسْمِعْ بِهِمْ وَأَبْصِرْ يَوْمَ يَأْتُونَنَا لَـكِنِ الظَّـلِمُونَ الْيَوْمَ فِى ضَلَـلٍ مُّبِينٍ
Hadits Terkait
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Sa'id bin Abu Maryam] telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Muhammad bin Ja'far bin Abu Katsir] berkata, telah mengabarkan kepada saya [Zaid bin Aslam] dari [bapaknya] bahwa ['Umar bin Al Khaththob radliallahu 'anhu] berkata kepada rukun (Al Hajar AL Aswad): "Sungguh aku mengetahui bahwa kamu hanyalah batu yang tidak bisa mendatangkan madharat maupun manfa'at. Namun kalau bukan karena aku telah melihat Nabi Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam menciummu tentu aku tidak akan menciummu". Maka dia menciumnya lalu berkata: "Kenapa pula kita harus berlari-lari kecil?. Sungguh kami telah menyaksikan orang-orang musyrikin melakukannya namun kemudian mereka dibinasakan oleh Allah subhanahu wata'ala". Dia berkata: "Berlari-lari kecil ini adalah sesuatu sunnah yang telah dikerjakan oleh Nabi Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam dan kami tidak suka bila meninggalkannya
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abu Ammar Al Husain bin Huraits] berkata, telah menceritakan kepada kami [Al Walid bin Muslim] dari [Yazid bin Abu Maryam] ia berkata, " [Abayah bin Rifa'ah] menjumpaiku saat aku sedang berjalan menuju shalat jum'at, ia lalu berkata, "Berbahagialah engkau, sebab langkah kakimu ini termasuk fi sabilillah. Aku mendengar [Abu Abas] berkata, "Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam bersabda: "Barangsiapa yang kedua kakinya berdebu di jalan Allah, maka keduanya diharamkan untuk masuk neraka." Abu Isa berkata, "Hadits ini derajatnya hasan gharib shahih. Abu Abs nama aslinya adalah 'Abdurrahman bin Jabr. Dan dalam bab ini juga ada hadits dari Abu Bakar dan seorang laki-laki sahabat Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam." Abu Isa berkata, "Yazid bin Abu Maryam adalah seorang yang berasal dari Syam, Al Walid bin Muslim, Yahya bin Hamzah dan beberapa orang dari penduduk Syam telah meriwayatkan darinya. Sementara Buraid bin Maryam adalah seorang yang berasal dari Kufah, bapaknya merupakan sahabat Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam. Nama asli (Buraid) adalah Malik bin Rabi'ah. Buraid bin Abu Maryam mendengar dari Anas bin Malik. Abu Ishaq Al Hamdani, Atha bin As Sa`ib, Yunus bin Abu Ishaq dan Syu'bah telah meriwayatkan beberapa hadits darinya
Telah menceritakan kepadaku dari Malik dari [Muslim bin Abu Maryam] dari [Abu Shalih] dari [Abu Hurairah] dia berkata; "Wanita-wanita yang berpakaian tapi telanjang, dan berjalan melenggak-lenggok tidak akan masuk surga atau pun mencium baunya, padahal bau surga tercium dari jarak perjalanan lima ratus tahun
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Sa'id bin Abu Maryam] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Ibrahim bin Suwaid] telah menceritakan kepada saya ['Amru bin Abu 'Amru, Maula Al Muththolib] telah mengabarkan kepada saya [Sa'id bin Jubair, maula Walibah AL Kuwfiy] telah menceritakan kepada saya [Ibnu 'Abbas radliallahu 'anhuma] bahwasanya dia bertolak bersama Nabi Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam pada hari 'Arafah. Kemudian Nabi Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam mendengar dari arah belakang Beliau suara yang keras dan bentakan serta pukulan terhadap unta. Maka Beliau memberi isyarat kepada mereka dengan cambuknya agar tenang. Beliau berkata: "Wahai manusia, kalian harus tenang, karena kebaikan bukan dengan tergesa-gesa". Kata audho'uu sama artinya dengan asro'uu yang berarti bercepat-cepat. Kata khilaalakum berasal dari kata takhallul bainakum yang artinya diantara kalian, seperti firman Allah Ta'ala Qs Al Kahfi ayat 33 yang artinya dan Kami pancarkan diantara keduanya
Telah menceritakan kepadaku dari Malik dari [Nafi'] dari [Abdullah bin Umar] bahwa Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam bersabda: "Pada suatu malam aku mimpi di dekat Ka'bah. Aku melihat seseorang yang kulitnya sawo matang, seakan-akan dia adalah sebaik-baik orang yang berkulit sawo matang. Dia memiliki rambut, seakan-akan ia adalah sebaik-baik orang yang mempunyai rambut seperti itu. Dia membiarkannya terurai dan air itupun menetes darinya. Ia bersandar pada dua orang laki-laki, atau "Dua bahu laki-laki, dia mengelilingi Ka'bah, lalu aku bertanya, siapakah dia? Maka dikatakan bahwa dia Al masih bin Maryam. Kemudian aku melihat orang yang rambutnya sangat keriting, buta mata kanannya seperti anggur yang menggelembung. Aku bertanya; siapakah ini, dikatakan kepadaku bahwa ia Almasih Dajjal