وَٱذْكُرْ فِى ٱلْكِتَٰبِ مُوسَىٰٓ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ مُخْلَصًۭا وَكَانَ رَسُولًۭا نَّبِيًّۭا
Dan ceritakanlah (hai Muhammad kepada mereka), kisah Musa di dalam Al Kitab (Al Quran) ini. Sesungguhnya ia adalah seorang yang dipilih dan seorang rasul dan nabi.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
Mentioning Musa and Harun
After Allah had mentioned Ibrahim, the Friend of Allah, and commended him, he next mentioned Al-Kalim (the one spoken to by Allah directly). Allah said,
(And mention in the Book, Musa. Verily, he was Mukhlasan) Ath-Thawri reported from `Abdul-Aziz bin Rafi`, from Abu Lubabah that he said, "The Disciples (of `Isa) said, `O Spirit of Allah, inform us about the one who is Mukhlis (purely devoted) to Allah.' He said, `That is one who does a deed solely for Allah and he does not like for the people to praise him."' Others recited the word as Mukhlas, which means that he was chosen. This is as Allah says,
(Verily, I have chosen you above men.) 7:144 Concerning Allah's statement,
(and he was a Messenger, (and) a Prophet.) Allah combined these two descriptions for him. For verily, he was one of the greatest Messengers and one of the five Messengers of Strong Will. They are Nuh, Ibrahim, Musa, `Isa and Muhammad. May the blessings of Allah be upon them and all of the Prophets. Allah said,
(And We called him from the side of the Tur.) means Mount
(right) It was on the right side of Musa when he went seeking a burning wood from that fire. He saw its glow in the distance, so he set out towards it and found it on the right side of the mountain from his direction, at the edge of the valley that he was in. This is when Allah, the Exalted, spoke to him and called out to him. Allah summoned him to come near and He conversed Ayah with him. Concerning His statement,
(And We granted him his brother Harun, (also) a Prophet, out of Our mercy.) This means, "We responded to his request and his plea on behalf of his brother and We made him a Prophet as well." This is as Allah says in another Ayah,
(And my brother Harun he is more eloquent in speech than me: so send him with me as a helper to confirm me.Verily, I fear that they will belie me.) 28:34 Also, Allah said,
((Allah said: ) "You are granted your request, O Musa.") 20:36 He also said,
(So send for Harun. And they have a charge of crime against me, and I fear they will kill me.) 26:13-14 Because of this, some of the Salaf (predecessors) said, "No one in this life pleaded on behalf of someone else more than Musa pleaded for his brother to be a Prophet." Allah, the Exalted said,
(And We granted him his brother Harun, (also) a Prophet, out of Our mercy.)
Hadits Terkait
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Muhammad bin Yusuf] berkata, telah menceritakan kepada kami [Sufyan] dari [Humaid] dari [Anas bin Malik] berkata, "Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam meludah di dalam kainnya." Abu 'Abdullah berkata, "Hadits ini disebutkan secara panjang lebar oleh [Ibnu Abu Maryam]. Ia berkata, telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Yahya bin Ayyub] telah menceritakan kepadaku [Humaid] berkata, aku mendengar [Anas] dari Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Muhammad bin Yahya] berkata, telah menceritakan kepada kami [Ibnu Abu Maryam] berkata, telah memberitakan kepada kami [Yahya bin Ayyub] dari [Ibnu Juraij] dari [Abu Zubair] dari [Jabir bin Abdullah] bahwa Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam bersabda: "Janganlah kalian mempelajari ilmu untuk mendebat para ulama, meremehkan orang-orang bodoh dan menghiasi majelis. Barangsiapa melakukan hal itu, maka baginya neraka, baginya neraka
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Muhammad bin Yahya] berkata, telah menceritakan kepada kami [Ibnu Abu Maryam] berkata, telah menceritakan kepada kami [Yahya bin Ayyub] berkata, telah menceritakan kepadaku [Ishaq bin Usaid] dari [Abu Hafsh Ad Dimasqi] dari [Abu Umamah] -dan ia memarfu'kan hadits ini-, ia berkata: "Istiqamahlah kalian, sebaik-baik perkara adalah jika kalian beristiqamah. Sebaik-baik amalan kalian adalah shalat, dan tidak ada yang menjaga wudlu kecuali orang mukmin
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Muhammad bin Yahya] berkata, telah menceritakan kepada kami [Ibnu Abu Maryam] berkata, telah menceritakan kepada kami [Yahya bin Ayyub] dari [Ubaidullah bin Zahr] dari [Ali bin Yazid] dari [Al Qasim] dari [Abu Umamah] ia berkata; Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam bersabda: "Apabila salah seorang dari kalian hendak masuk ke kamar mandi, maka jangan merasa lemah untuk mengucapkan; ALLAHUMMA INNI A'UUDZU BIKA MINAR RIJSIN NAJISIL KHABITSIL MUKHBITSISY SYAITHANIRRAJIIM (Ya Allah, aku berlindung kepada-Mu dari kotoran yang najis, buruk lagi membahayakan, yaitu setan yang terkutuk)." Abul Hasan Al Qaththan berkata; telah menceritakan kepada kami Abu Hatim berkata, telah menceritakan kepada kami Ibnu Abu Maryam lalu ia menyebutkan sebagaimana hadits tersebut. Hanya saja ia tidak menyebutkan di dalam haditsnya; "Dari kotoran yang najis, " ia hanya menyebutkan; "yang buruk lagi membahayakan yaitu setan yang terkutuk
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Sa'id bin Abu Maryam] berkata, telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Muhammad bin Ja'far] berkata, telah mengabarkan kepadaku [Zaid] -yaitu Ibnu Aslam- dari ['Iyadl bin 'Abdullah] dari [Abu Sa'id Al Khudri] ia berkata, "Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam pada hari raya 'Iedul Adlha atau Fitri keluar menuju tempat shalat, beliau melewati para wanita seraya bersabda: "Wahai para wanita! Hendaklah kalian bersedekahlah, sebab diperlihatkan kepadaku bahwa kalian adalah yang paling banyak menghuni neraka." Kami bertanya, "Apa sebabnya wahai Rasulullah?" beliau menjawab: "Kalian banyak melaknat dan banyak mengingkari pemberian suami. Dan aku tidak pernah melihat dari tulang laki-laki yang akalnya lebih cepat hilang dan lemah agamanya selain kalian." Kami bertanya lagi, "Wahai Rasulullah, apa tanda dari kurangnya akal dan lemahnya agama?" Beliau menjawab: "Bukankah persaksian seorang wanita setengah dari persaksian laki-laki?" Kami jawab, "Benar." Beliau berkata lagi: "Itulah kekurangan akalnya. Dan bukankah seorang wanita bila dia sedang haid dia tidak shalat dan puasa?" Kami jawab, "Benar." Beliau berkata: "Itulah kekurangan agamanya