ءَامَنَ ٱلرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِۦ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ ۚ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَلَٰٓئِكَتِهِۦ وَكُتُبِهِۦ وَرُسُلِهِۦ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍۢ مِّن رُّسُلِهِۦ ۚ وَقَالُوا۟ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا ۖ غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ ٱلْمَصِيرُ
Rasul telah beriman kepada Al Quran yang diturunkan kepadanya dari Tuhannya, demikian pula orang-orang yang beriman. Semuanya beriman kepada Allah, malaikat-malaikat-Nya, kitab-kitab-Nya dan rasul-rasul-Nya. (Mereka mengatakan): "Kami tidak membeda-bedakan antara seseorangpun (dengan yang lain) dari rasul-rasul-Nya", dan mereka mengatakan: "Kami dengar dan kami taat". (Mereka berdoa): "Ampunilah kami ya Tuhan kami dan kepada Engkaulah tempat kembali".
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
The Hadiths on the Virtue of These Two Ayat, May Allah Benefit Us by Them Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Mas`ud said that the Messenger of Allah said ﷺ,
«مَنْ قَرَأَ بِالْآيَتَيْنِ مِنْ آخِرِ سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ فِي لَيْلَةٍ، كَفَتَاه»
(Whoever recites the last two Ayat in Surat Al-Baqarah at night, they will suffice for him.)
The rest of the six also recorded similar wording for this Hadith. The Two Sahihs recorded this Hadith using various chains of narration, and Imam Ahmad also recorded it.
Muslim recorded that `Abdullah said, "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went on the Isra journey, he ascended to the Sidrat Al-Muntaha in the sixth heaven, where whatever ascends from the earth ends at, and whatever descends from above it ends at.
إِذْ يَغْشَى السِّدْرَةَ مَا يَغْشَى
(When that covered the lote tree which did cover it!) 53:16 meaning, a mat made of gold.
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was then given three things: the five prayers, the last Ayat in Surat Al-Baqarah and forgiveness for whoever did not associate anything or anyone with Allah from his Ummah."
Earlier we mentioned the Hadith regarding the virtues of Surat Al-Fatihah from Ibn `Abbas which stated, "While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was with Jibil, he heard a noise from above. Jibil lifted his sight to the sky and said, `This is a door that was opened just now in heaven, and it was never opened before.' An angel came down through the door to the Prophet and said, `Receive the good news of two lights that you have been given and which no Prophet before you was given: the Opener of the Book (Al-Fatihah) and the last Ayat in Surat Al-Baqarah. You will not read a letter of them, but you will be granted its benefit."' This Hadith was collected by Muslim and An-Nasa'i, and this is the wording collected by An-Nasa'i.
The Tafsir of the Last Two Ayat of Surat Al-Baqarah
Allah said,
كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَـئِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ لاَ نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِّن رُّسُلِهِ
(Each one believes in Allah, His Angels, His Books, and His Messengers. (They say,) "We make no distinction between one another of His Messengers.")
Therefore, each of the believers believes that Allah is the One and Only and the Sustainer, there is no deity worthy of worship except Him and there is no Lord except Him. The believers also believe in all Allah's Prophets and Messengers, in the Books that were revealed from heaven to the Messengers and Prophets, who are indeed the servants of Allah. Further, the believers do not differentiate between any of the Prophets, such as, believing in some of them and rejecting others. Rather, all of Allah's Prophets and Messengers are, to the believers, truthful, righteous, and they were each guided to the path of righteousness, even when some of them bring what abrogates the Law of some others by Allah's leave. Later on, the Law of Muhammad, the Final Prophet and Messenger from Allah, abrogated all the laws of the Prophets before him. So the Last Hour will commence while Muhammad's Law remains the only valid Law, and all the while a group of his Ummah will always be on the path of truth, apparent and dominant. Allah's statement,
وَقَالُواْ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا
(And they say, "We hear, and we obey") means, we heard Your statement, O our Lord, comprehended and implemented it, and adhered to its implications.
غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا
((We seek) Your forgiveness, our Lord) contains a plea and supplication for Allah's forgiveness, mercy and kindness.
Allah's statement,
لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا
(Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope) means, Allah does not ask a soul what is beyond its ability. This only demonstrates Allah's kindness, compassion and generosity towards His creation. This Ayah is the Ayah that abrogated the Ayah that worried the Companions, that is, Allah's statement,
وَإِن تُبْدُواْ مَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ يُحَاسِبْكُم بِهِ اللَّهُ
(And whether you disclose what is in yourselves or conceal it, Allah will call you to account for it.)
This indicates that although Allah will question His servants and judge them, He will only punish for what one is able to protect himself from. As for what one cannot protect himself from, such as what one says to himself - or passing thoughts - they will not be punished for that. We should state here that to dislike the evil thoughts that cross one's mind is a part of faith. Allah said next,
لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ
(He gets reward for that which he has earned) of good,
وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ
(And he is punished for that which he has earned) of evil, that is, concerning the acts that one is responsible for.
Allah then said, mentioning what the believers said while directing His servants to supplicate to Him, all the while promising them that He will answer their supplication:
رَبَّنَا لاَ تُؤَاخِذْنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا
("Our Lord! Push us not if we forget or fall into error,") meaning, "If we forgot an obligation or fell into a prohibition, or made an error while ignorant of its ruling." We mentioned the Hadith by Abu Hurayrah, that Muslim collected, wherein Allah said, "I shall (accept your supplication)." There is also the Hadith by Ibn `Abbas that Allah said, "I did (accept your supplication)."
رَبَّنَا وَلاَ تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَآ إِصْرًا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِنَا
(Our Lord! Lay not on us a burden like that which You did lay on those before us (Jews and Christians),) means, "Even if we were able to perform them, do not require us to perform the difficult deeds as You required the previous nations before us, such as the burdens that were placed on them. You sent Your Prophet Muhammad , the Prophet of mercy, to abrogate these burdens through the Law that You revealed to him, the Hanifi (Islamic Monotheism), easy religion." Muslim recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that Allah said, "I shall (accept your supplication)." Ibn `Abbas narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that Allah said, "I did (accept your supplication)." There is the Hadith recorded through various chains of narration that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«بُعِثْتُ بِالْحَنِيفِيَّةِ السَّمْحَة»
(I was sent with the easy Hanifiyyah way.)
رَبَّنَا وَلاَ تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لاَ طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ
(Our Lord! Put not on us a burden greater than we have strength to bear) of obligations, hardships and afflictions, do not make us bear what we cannot bear of this.
رَبَّنَا وَلاَ تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لاَ طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ
(Our Lord! Put not on us a burden greater than we have strength to bear.)
We mentioned that Allah said, "I shall (accept your supplication)" in one narration, and, "I did (accept your supplication)," in another narration.
وَاعْفُ عَنَّا
(Pardon us) meaning, between us and You regarding what You know of our shortcomings and errors.
وَاغْفِرْ لَنَآ
(And grant us forgiveness) concerning what is between us and Your servants. So do not expose our errors and evil deeds to them.
وَارْحَمْنَآ
(Have mercy on us) in what will come thereafter. Therefore, do not allow us to fall into another error. They say that those who commit error need three things: Allah's forgiveness for what is between Him and them, that He conceals these errors from His other servants, and thus does not expose them before the servants, and that He grants them immunity from further error." We mentioned before that Allah answered these pleas, "I shall," in one narration and, "I did," in another narration.
أَنتَ مَوْلَـنَا
(You are our Mawla) meaning, You are our supporter and helper, our trust is in You, You are sought for each and every type of help and our total reliance is on You. There is no power or strength except from You.
فَانْصُرْنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكَـفِرِينَ
(And give us victory over the disbelieving people) those who rejected Your religion, denied Your Oneness, refused the Message of Your Prophet , worshipped other than You and associated others in Your worship. Give us victory and make us prevail above them in this and the Hereafter. Allah said, "I shall," in one narration, and, "I did," in the Hadith that Muslim collected from Ibn `Abbas.
Further, Ibn Jarir recorded that Abu Ishaq said that whenever Mu`adh would finish reciting this Surah,
فَانْصُرْنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكَـفِرِينَ
(And give us victory over the disbelieving people), he would say "Amin."
Hadits Terkait
Telah menceritakan kepadaku [Zuhair bin Harb] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abdurrahman bin Mahdi] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Hammad bin Salamah] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Tsabit] dari [Anas] bahwa kaum Yahudi dahulu apabila kaum wanita mereka, mereka tidak memberinya makan dan tidak mempergaulinya di rumah. Maka para sahabat Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam bertanya kepada Nabi Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam. Lalu Allah menurunkan, "Mereka bertanya kepadamu tentang haidh. Katakanlah, 'Haidh itu adalah suatu kotoran'. Oleh sebab itu, hendaklah kamu menjauhkan diri dari wanita di waktu haidh; dan janganlah kamu mendekati mereka, sebelum mereka suci. Apabila mereka telah suci, maka campurilah mereka itu di tempat yang diperintahkan Allah kepadamu. Allah menyukai orang-orang yang taubat dan menyukai orang-orang yang mensucikan diri." (al-Baqarah: 222) maka Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam bersabda, "Perbuatlah segala sesuatu kecuali nikah". Maka hal tersebut sampai kepada kaum Yahudi, maka mereka berkata, "Laki-laki ini tidak ingin meninggalkan sesuatu dari perkara kita melainkan dia menyelisihi kita padanya." Lalu Usaid bin Hudhair dan Abbad bin Bisyr berkata, "Wahai Rasulullah, sesungguhnya kaum Yahudi berkata demikian dan demikian, maka kami tidak menyenggamai kaum wanita." Raut wajah Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam spontan berubah hingga kami mengira bahwa beliau telah marah pada keduanya, lalu keduanya keluar, keduanya pergi bertepatan ada hadiah susu yang diperuntukkan Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam, Maka beliau kirim utusan untuk menyusul kepergian keduanya, dan beliau suguhkan minuman untuk keduanya. Keduanya pun sadar bahwa beliau tidak marah atas keduanya
Telah menceritakan kepadaku [Muhammad bin 'Abbad] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Sufyan] dari [Amru] dari [Jabir] dia berkata, "Muadz shalat bersama Nabi Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam, kemudian dia datang, lalu mengimami kaumnya. Maka dia melakukan shalat Isya' pada malam tersebut bersama Nabi Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam, kemudian mendatangi kaumnya, lalu mengimami mereka. Lalu dia membuka dengan surat al-Baqarah, maka seorang laki-laki berpaling lalu salam, kemudian shalat sendirian, lalu berpaling pergi. Maka mereka berkata kepadanya, 'Apakah kamu berlaku munafik wahai fulan? ' Dia menjawab, 'Tidak, demi Allah, aku akan mendatangi Rasulullah Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam, lalu aku akan mengabarkan kepada beliau. Lalu dia mendatangi Rasulullah Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam seraya berkata, 'Wahai Rasulullah, sesungguhnya para pekerja penyiram (tanaman) bekerja pada siang hari (sehingga kecapekan), dan sesungguhnya Mu'adz shalat Isya' bersamamu, kemudian dia datang kepada kami lalu shalat dengan membukanya dengan surat al-Baqarah.' Maka Rasulullah Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam menghadap Mu'adz seraya bersabda, 'Wahai Mu'adz, apakah kamu pemfitnah (yang membuat orang lari dari agama), bacalah dengan surat ini dan bacalah dengan ini' -maksudnya surat yang ringkas dan pendek--." Berkata Sufyan, maka saya berkata kepada Amru sesungguhnya [Abu az-Zubair] telah menceritakan kepada kami, dari [Jabir] bahwa dia berkata, "Bacalah 'Iqra dan asy-Syams wa Dhuhaha, serta Wa adh-dhuha wa al-Laili Idza Yaghsya dan Sabbihisma Rabbika al-A'la". Maka Amru berkata semisal ini
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abu Bakar bin Abi Syaibah] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abu al-Ahwash] dari [Abu Ishaq] dari [al-Bara' bin 'Azib] dia berkata, "Aku shalat bersama Nabi Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam menghadap Baitul Maqdis selama enam belas bulan hingga turun ayat tersebut yang ada dalam surat al-Baqarah, "Dan di mana pun kamu berada maka palingkanlah wajah-wajahmu ke arahnya." (QS.Albaqarah 124), ayat tersebut turun setelah Nabi Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam shalat, lalu seorang laki-laki dari suatu kaum bertolak pergi, lalu dia berjalan bersama beberapa manusia dari kalangan Anshar, dan mereka shalat, lalu beliau menceritakannya kepada mereka, maka mereka menghadapkan wajah-wajah mereka ke Baitullah
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Yahya bin Yahya] telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Husyaim] dari [Ismail bin Abi Khalid] dari [al-Harits bin Syubail] dari [Abu Amru asy-Syaibani] dari [Zaid bin Arqam] dia berkata, "Dahulu kami bercakap-cakap dalam shalat. Seorang laki-laki bercakap-cakap dengan teman di sampingnya dalam keadaan shalat, hingga turun ayat, '...Shalatlah kamu karena Allah dengan khusyu'. (Al-Baqarah: 238). Lalu kami disuruh diam, dan dilarang bercakap-cakap'." Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abu Bakar bin Abi Syaibah] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abdullah bin Numair] dan [Waki'] dia berkata, --Lewat jalur periwayatan lain-- dan telah menceritakan kepada kami [Ishaq bin Ibrahim] telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Isa bin Yunus] mereka meriwayatkan dari [Ismail bin Abi Khalid] dengan isnad ini hadits semisalnya
Telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Abu Bakr bin Ishaq] dia berkata; Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abu Zaid Sa'id bin Ar-Rabi'] dia berkata; Telah menceritakan kepada kami ['Ali bin Al Mubarak] dari [Yahya bin Abu Katsir] dia berkata; Telah menceritakan kepadaku [Abu Hafshah] -budak 'Aisyah- bahwasanya ['Aisyah] mengabarkan kepadanya bahwa pada masa Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam terjadi gerhana matahari, maka beliau berwudlu lalu memerintahkan untuk menyeru, 'Ash-Shalatul Jami'ah'. Lalu beliau berdiri dan memperlama berdirinya saat shalat." Kemudian Aisyah berkata; 'Aku memperkirakan beliau membaca surah Al-Baqarah, kemudian beliau ruku' dengan ruku' yang lama, lalu mengucapakan Sami' Allahu Liman Hamidah. Kemudian beliau berdiri seperti berdirinya semula tanpa sujud, lalu ruku' lagi dan sujud lagi. Kemudian berdiri dan berbuat seperti yang diperbuat pada dua ruku' dan satu kali sujud yang pertama. Lantas beliau duduk, sedangkan matahari telah terang