وَإِذْ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوْمِهِۦٓ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَن تَذْبَحُوا۟ بَقَرَةًۭ ۖ قَالُوٓا۟ أَتَتَّخِذُنَا هُزُوًۭا ۖ قَالَ أَعُوذُ بِٱللَّهِ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلْجَٰهِلِينَ
Dan (ingatlah), ketika Musa berkata kepada kaumnya: "Sesungguhnya Allah menyuruh kamu menyembelih seekor sapi betina". Mereka berkata: "Apakah kamu hendak menjadikan kami buah ejekan?" Musa menjawab: "Aku berlindung kepada Allah agar tidak menjadi salah seorang dari orang-orang yang jahil".
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
The Story of the murdered Israeli Man and the Cow
Allah said, `O Children of Israel! Remember how I blessed you with miracle of the cow that was the means for discovering the identity of the murderer, when the murdered man was brought back to life.'
Ibn Abi Hatim recorded `Ubaydah As-Salmani saying, "There was a man from among the Children of Israel who was impotent. He had substantial wealth, and only a nephew who would inherit from him. So his nephew killed him and moved his body at night, placing it at the doorstep of a certain man. The next morning, the nephew cried out for revenge, and the people took up their weapons and almost fought each other. The wise men among them said, `Why would you kill each other, while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is still among you' So they went to Musa and mentioned the matter to him and Musa said,
إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَن تَذْبَحُواْ بَقَرَةً قَالُواْ أَتَتَّخِذُنَا هُزُوًا قَالَ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ الْجَـهِلِينَ
("Verily, Allah commands you that you slaughter a cow." They said, "Do you make fun of us" He said, "I take Allah's refuge from being among Al-Jahilin (the ignorant or the foolish))." "Had they not disputed, it would have been sufficient for them to slaughter any cow. However, they disputed, and the matter was made more difficult for them, until they ended up looking for the specific cow that they were later ordered to slaughter. They found the designated cow with a man, only who owned that cow. He said, `By Allah! I will only sell it for its skin's fill of gold.' So they paid the cow's fill of its skin in gold, slaughtered it and touched the dead man with a part of it. He stood up, and they asked him, `Who killed you' He said, `That man,' and pointed to his nephew. He died again, and his nephew was not allowed to inherit him. Thereafter, whoever committed murder for the purpose of gaining inheritance was not allowed to inherit." Ibn Jarir reported something similar to that. Allah knows best.
Hadits Terkait
Dan dengan sanad ini (Yaitu; Telah menceritakan kepada kami ['Abd bin Humaid] telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Abdurrazzaq] dari [Ma'mar] dari [Hammam bin Munabbih] dari [Abu Hurairah]) dari Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam: "Lalu orang-orang yang zhalim mengganti perintah dengan (mengerjakan) yang tidak diperintahkan kepada mereka." QS Al-Baqarah: 59, Beliau bersabda: "Mereka berkata; biji dalam rambut." Abu Isa berkata; Hadits ini hasan shahih
Telah menceritakan kepada kami ['Abd bin Humaid] telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Yazid bin Harun] telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Abdul Malik bin Abu Sulaiman] ia berkata; Aku mendengar [Sa'id bin Jubair] menceritakan dari [Ibnu Umar] ia berkata; Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam pernah shalat sunnah di atas kendaraan beliau kemana pun kendaraan beliau menghadap, ketika itu beliau pergi dari Makkah menuju Madinah. Setelah itu Ibnu Umar membaca ayat ini: "Dan kepunyaan Allah-lah timur dan barat." QS Al-Baqarah: 115. Ibnu Umar berkata; "Berkenaan dengan peristiwa itulah, ayat ini turun." Abu Isa berkata; Hadits ini hasan shahih. Diriwayatkan dari Qatadah, ia berkata tentang ayat ini: Dan kepunyaan Allah-lah timur dan barat, maka kemanapun kamu menghadap di situlah wajah Allah." QS Al-Baqarah: 115 Qatadah berkata; Ayat ini mansukhah, dinasakh dengan firman Allah, "Palingkanlah mukamu ke arah Masjidil Haram." QS Al-Baqarah: 144 yaitu arahnya. Telah menceritakan kepada kami yang demikian itu Muhammad bin Abdul Malik bin Abu Asy Syawarib, telah menceritakan kepada kami Yazid bin Zurai' dari Sa'id dari Qatadah. Dan diriwayatkan pula dari Mujahid tentang ayat ini: "Maka kemanapun kamu menghadap, di situlah wajah Allah." QS Al-Baqarah: 115, ia berkata; "Di sanalah kiblat Allah." Telah menceritakan kepada kami seperti itu Muhammad bin Al Ala` telah menceritakan kepada kami Waki' dari An Nadlr bin Arabi dari Mujahid seperti itu
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Mahmud bin Ghailan] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Waki'] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Asy'ats As Samman] dari ['Ashim bin 'Ubaidullah] dari [Abdullah bin 'Amir bin Rabi'ah] dari [Ayahnya] ia berkata; Kami bersama Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam dalam suatu perjalanan di malam yang gelap, kami tidak tahu mana kiblat, masing-masing dari kami shalat menghadap sesuai arahnya. Di pagi harinya, kami menceritakan hal itu kepada Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam, lalu turunlah ayat: "Maka kemanapun kamu menghadap di situlah wajah Allah." QS Al-Baqarah:
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Ahmad bin Mani'] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Husyaim] telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Humaid Ath Thawil] dari [Anas] ia berkata; [Umar bin Al Khaththab] radliallahu 'anhu berkata; Aku berkata kepada Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam; "Andai anda menjadikan sebagaian maqam untuk tempat shalat." Kemudian turunlah ayat: "Dan jadikanlah sebahagian maqam Ibrahim tempat shalat." QS Al-Baqarah: 125. Abu Isa berkata; Hadits ini hasan shahih. Dalam hal ini, ada hadits serupa dari Ibnu Umar
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Ahmad bin Mani'] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abu Muawiyah] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Al A'masy] dari [Abu Shalih] dari [Abu Sa'id] dari Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam tentang firman Allah: "Dan demikian (pula) Kami telah menjadikan kamu (umat Islam), umat yang adil dan pilihan agar kamu menjadi saksi atas (perbuatan) manusia." QS Al-Baqarah: 143, beliau bersabda: "Adil." Abu Isa berkata; Hadits ini hasan shahih