لَن يَنَالَ ٱللَّهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلَا دِمَآؤُهَا وَلَٰكِن يَنَالُهُ ٱلتَّقْوَىٰ مِنكُمْ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ سَخَّرَهَا لَكُمْ لِتُكَبِّرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا هَدَىٰكُمْ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ
Daging-daging unta dan darahnya itu sekali-kali tidak dapat mencapai (keridhaan) Allah, tetapi ketakwaan dari kamulah yang dapat mencapainya. Demikianlah Allah telah menundukkannya untuk kamu supaya kamu mengagungkan Allah terhadap hidayah-Nya kepada kamu. Dan berilah kabar gembira kepada orang-orang yang berbuat baik.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
The Goal of the Udhiyyah (Sacrifice) according to Allah is the Sincerity and Taqwa of His Servant
Allah says: this sacrifice is prescribed for you so that you will remember Him at the time of slaughter, for He is the Creator and Provider. Nothing of its flesh or blood reaches Him, for He has no need of anything other than Himself. During the time of Jahiliyyah, when they offered sacrifices to their gods, they would put some of the meat of their sacrifices on their idols, and sprinkle the blood over them. But Allah says:
لَن يَنَالَ اللَّهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلاَ دِمَآؤُهَا
(It is neither their meat nor their blood that reaches Allah,) Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Ibn Jurayj said, "The people of the Jahiliyyah used to put the meat of their sacrifices and sprinkle the blood on the House, and the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "We have more right to do that." Then Allah revealed the words:
لَن يَنَالَ اللَّهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلاَ دِمَآؤُهَا وَلَـكِن يَنَالُهُ التَّقْوَى مِنكُمْ
(It is neither their meat nor their blood that reaches Allah, but it is Taqwa from you that reaches Him.) That is what He will accept and reward for, as mentioned in the Sahih,
«إِنَّ اللهَ لَا يَنْظُرُ إِلَى صُوَرِكُمْ وَلَا إِلَى أَلْوَانِكُمْ، وَلَكِنْ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى قُلُوبِكُمْ وَأَعْمَالِكُم»
(Allah does not look to your appearance or your colors, but He looks to your hearts and deeds.) And in the Hadith; (Indeed charity falls in the Hand of Ar-Rahman before it falls in the hand of the one asking.)
كَذَلِكَ سَخَّرَهَا لَكُمْ
(Thus have We made them subject to you) meaning, `for this purpose We have subjugated the Budn for you,'
لِتُكَبِّرُواْ اللَّهَ عَلَى مَا هَدَاكُمْ
(that you may proclaim Allah's greatness for His guidance to you.) means, that you may glorify Him for guiding you to His religion and His way which He loves and is pleased with, and has forbidden you to do all that He hates and rejects.
وَبَشِّرِ الْمُحْسِنِينَ
(And give glad tidings to the doers of good.) means, `give good news, O Muhammad, to those who do good,' i.e., whose deeds are good and who remain within the limits prescribed by Allah, who follow that which has been prescribed for them, who believe in the Messenger and follow that which he has conveyed from his Lord.
(Note) The Udhiyyah is Sunnah Mustahabbah One animal is sufficient on behalf of all the members of one household. Ibn `Umar said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ continued to offer sacrifice for ten years." This was recorded by At-Tirmidhi. Abu Ayyub said: "At the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, a man would sacrifice a sheep on behalf of himself and all the members of his household, and they would eat from it and feed others, until the people started boasting by sacrificing more than one and things reached the stage that you see now." This was recorded by At-Tirmidhi, who graded it Sahih, and by Ibn Majah. `Abdullah bin Hisham used to sacrifice one sheep on behalf of his entire family; this was recorded by Al-Bukhari. Concerning how old the sacrificial animal should be, Muslim recorded from Jabir that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
«لَا تَذْبَحُوا إِلَّا مُسِنَّةً، إِلَّا أَنْ تَعْسُرَ عَلَيْكُمْ فَتَذْبَحُوا جَذَعَةً مِنَ الضَّأْن»
(Do not sacrifice any but mature animals, and if that is not possible, then sacrifice a young sheep.)
Hadits Terkait
Dan telah menceritakan kepada kami [Muhammad bin al-Mutsanna al-Anazi] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Ibnu Abi Adi] dari [al-Hajjaj, yaitu ash-Shawwaf] dari [Yahya, yaitu Ibnu Abi Katsir] dari [Abdullah bin Abi Qatadah] dan [Abu Salamah] dari [Abu Qatadah] dia berkata, "Dahulu Rasulullah shalat bersama kami (sebagai imam), lalu membaca al-fatihah dan dua surat dalam shalat zhuhur dan ashar pada dua raka'at yang pertama. Dan terkadang beliau memperdengarkan (bacaan) ayat. Beliau memanjangkan raka'at pertama dari shalat zhuhur dan memendekkan yang kedua. Dan demikian juga dalam shalat shubuh
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Ahmad bin Mani'] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Marwan bin Mu'awiyah] dari [Sufyan bin Ziyad Al Asadi] dari [Fatik bin Fadlalah] dari [Aiman bin Khuraim], nabi Shallallahu 'alaihi wa Salam berdiri berkhutbah, beliau bersabda: "Kesaksikan palsu sebanding dengan menyekutukan Allah, " kemudian beliau membaca: "Maka jauhilah olehmu berhala-berhala yang najis itu dan jauhilah perkataan-perkataan dusta." (Al-Hajj: 30) Berkata Abu Isa: Hadits ini gharib, kami hanya mengetahuinya dari hadits Sufyan bin ZIyad, mereka memperselisihkan riwayat hadits ini dari Sufyan bin Ziyad dan kami tidak mengetahui pendengaran Aiman bin Khuraim dari nabi Shallallahu 'alaihi wa Salam
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abd bin Humaid] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Muhammad bin 'Ubaid] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Sufyan bin Ziyad Al 'Ushfuri] dari [ayahnya] dari [Habib bin An Nu'man Al Asadi] dari [Khuraim bin Fatik Al Asadi], Rasulullah Shallallahu 'alahi wa Salam shalat shubuh, setelah usai beliau berdiri lalu bersabda: "Kesaksikan palsu sebanding dengan menyekutukan Allah, " (beliau ulangi ucapannya tiga kali), kemudian beliau membaca ayat ini: "Maka jauhilah olehmu berhala-berhala yang najis itu dan jauhilah perkataan-perkataan dusta." (Al-Hajj: 30) hingga akhir ayat. Berkata Abu Isa: Menurutku hadits ini lebih shahih dan Khuraim bin Fatik memiliki status sahabat, ia meriwayatkan banyak hadits dari nabi Shallallahu 'alaihi wa Salam dan ia masyhur
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abu Zur'ah] dan [Al Fadhal bin Abu Thalib] dan yang lainnya, mereka berkata; telah menceritakan kepada kami [Al Hasan bin Bisyr] dari [Al Hakam bin Abdul Malik] dari [Qatadah] dari ['Imran bin Hushain] bahwa Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam membaca: "WATARAN NAASA SUKAARAA WA MAA HUM BI SUKAARAA (kamu lihat manusia dalam keadaan mabuk, padahal Sebenarnya mereka tidak mabuk)." QS Al-Hajj: 2. Abu Isa berkata; Hadits ini hasan, kami tidak mengetahui Qatadah pernah mendengar dari salah seorang sahabat Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam kecuali dari Anas dan Abu Thufail, dan hadits ini menurut saya hanya ringkasan, hadits ini hanya diriwayatkan dari [Qatadah] dari [Al Hasan] dari [Imran bin Hushain], dia berkata; Kami bersama Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam dalam suatu perjalanan, kemudian beliau membaca: "YAA AYYUHAN NAASUT TAQUU RABBAKUM (Wahai sekalian manusia, takutlah kalian kepada Rabb kalian)." QS Al Hajj: 1 dengan redaksi yang panjang, sementara hadits Al Hakam bin Abdul Malik menurutku ringkasan dari hadits ini
Telah menceritakan kepadaku [Muhammad bin Abdullah Ar-Raqasyiy] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Mu'tamir] berkata, aku mendengar [bapakku] berkata, telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abu Mijlaz] dari [Qais bin 'Ubad] dari ['Ali bin Abi Thalib] radliallahu 'anhu bahwa dia berkata; "Aku adalah orang pertama yang akan berlutut di hadapan Allah Yang Maha Pengasih untuk berperkara pada hari qiyamat". Dan Qais bin 'Ubad berkata; "Telah turun ayat tentang mereka: "Inilah dua golongan (Mu'min dan kafir) yang bertengkar, mereka saling bertengkar mengenai Rabb mereka" (QS al-Hajj ayat 19). Mereka adalah orang yang berperang tanding pada perang Badar, yaitu Hamzah. 'Ali, 'Ubaidah atau Abu 'Ubaidah bin Al Harits menghadapi Syaibah bin Rabi'ah, 'Utbah bin Rabi'ah dan Al Walid bin 'Utbah