وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَآ إِلَىٰ ثَمُودَ أَخَاهُمْ صَٰلِحًا أَنِ ٱعْبُدُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ فَإِذَا هُمْ فَرِيقَانِ يَخْتَصِمُونَ
Dan sesungguhnya Kami telah mengutus kepada (kaum) Tsamud saudara mereka Shaleh (yang berseru): "Sembahlah Allah". Tetapi tiba-tiba mereka (jadi) dua golongan yang bermusuhan.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
Salih and Thamud
Allah tells us about Thamud and how they responded to their Prophet Salih, when Allah sent him to call them to worship Allah alone, with no partner or associate.
(Then look! They became two parties quarreling with each other.) Mujahid said, "These were believers and disbelievers." This is like the Ayah,
(The leaders of those who were arrogant among his people said to those who were counted weak -- to such of them as believed: "Know you that Salih is one sent from his Lord." They said: "We indeed believe in that with which he has been sent." Those who were arrogant said: "Verily, we disbelieve in that which you believe in.") (7:75-76)
(He said: "O my people! Why do you seek to hasten the evil before the good") meaning, `why are you praying for the punishment to come, and not asking Allah for His mercy' Then he said:
("Why seek you not the forgiveness of Allah, that you may receive mercy" They said: "We augur an omen from you and those with you.") This means: "We do not see any good in your face and the faces of those who are following you." Since they were doomed, whenever anything bad happened to any of them they would say, "This is because of Salih and his companions." Mujahid said, "They regarded them as bad omens." This is similar to what Allah said about the people of Fir`awn:
(But whenever good came to them, they said: "Ours is this." And if evil afflicted them, they saw it as an omen about Musa and those with him) (7:131). And Allah says:
(And if some good reaches them, they say, "This is from Allah," but if some evil befalls them, they say, "This is from you." Say: "All things are from Allah.") (4:78) i.e., by virtue of His will and decree. And Allah tells us about the dwellers of the town, when the Messengers came to them:
(They (people) said: "For us, we see an omen from you; if you cease not, we will surely stone you, and a painful torment will touch you from us." They (Messengers) said: "Your omens are with yourselves!) (36:18) And these people Thamud said:
("We augur an omen from you and those with you." He said: "Your omen is of Allah;) meaning, Allah will punish you for that.
(nay, but you are a people that are being tested.) Qatadah said: "You are being tested to see whether you will obey or disobey." The apparent meaning of the phrase
(are being tested) is: you will be left to get carried away in your state of misguidance.
Hadits Terkait
Telah menceritakan kepada kami ['Abdullah bin Muhammad] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Sufyan] dari [Hisyam bin 'Urwah] dari [Bapaknya] dari ['Aisyah radliallahu 'anha] berkata; Nabi Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam bersabda: "Mereka (kaum musyrikin yang terbunuh dalam perang Badar) telah mengetahui sekarang bahwa apa yang aku katakan (terbukti) benar dan Allah telah berfirman (QS An-Naml ayat 80 yang artinya): ("Sungguh kamu tidak akan dapat menjadikan orang yang sudah mati bisa mendengar)
Telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Muhammad bin Adam] dia berkata; telah menceritakan kepada kami ['Abdah] dari [Hisyam] dari [bapaknya] dari [Ibnu 'Umar] bahwa Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam berdiri di atas sumur Badar, lalu bersabda: "Apakah kalian telah mendapatkan kebenaran dari apa yang dijanjikan Rabb kalian?" beliau bersabda lagi: " mereka sekarang benar-benar mendengar apa yang kukatakan kepada mereka." Lalu hal itu dilaporkan kepada [Aisyah], maka ia berkata, "Ibnu Umar salah atau lupa, hanya Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam bersabda: ' Mereka sekarang mengetahui bahwa apa yang kukatakan kepada mereka adalah kebenaran.' Kemudian ia membaca firman Allah -Ta'ala-, 'kamu tidak dapat menjadikan orang-orang yang mati mendengar…'." (Qs. An-Naml 27: 80). Hingga ia membaca satu ayat tersebut
Telah bercerita kepadaku [Muhammad bin Bassyar] telah bercerita kepada kami [Muhammad binJa'far] telah bercerita kepada kami [Syu'bah] dari [Muhammad bin Ziyad] dari [Abu Hurairah radliallahu 'anhu] dari Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam: "Sesungguhnya 'Ifrit dari bangsa jin baru saja menggangguku untuk memutuskan shalatku namun Allah menjadikan aku dapat menundukkannya lalu aku tangkap dan hendak mengikatnya pada tiang diantara tiang-tiang masjid hingga tiap orang dari kalian dapat melihatnya. Namun aku teringat akan do'a saudaraku, Nabi Sulaiman 'Alaihissalam; ("Ya Rabb, anugerahkanlah kepadaku kerajaan yang tidak akan dimiliki oleh seorangpun setelah aku"). (QS. Shad ayat 35). Maka kulepaskan kembali setan itu dalam keadaan hina. Kata 'Ifrit (dalam QS surat an-Naml ayat 39) digunakan untuk setiap orang yang membangkang (durhaka), baik dari kalangan manusia maupun jin. Timbangan kata 'Ifriit seperti kata "zibniyah" yang jamaknya zabaniyah". Sedang 'Ifriit, bentuk jamaknya 'Afaariit