هُوَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنزَلَ ٱلسَّكِينَةَ فِى قُلُوبِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ لِيَزْدَادُوٓا۟ إِيمَٰنًۭا مَّعَ إِيمَٰنِهِمْ ۗ وَلِلَّهِ جُنُودُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًۭا
Dialah yang telah menurunkan ketenangan ke dalam hati orang-orang mukmin supaya keimanan mereka bertambah di samping keimanan mereka (yang telah ada). Dan kepunyaan Allah-lah tentara langit dan bumi dan adalah Allah Maha Mengetahui lagi Maha Bijaksana,
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
Allah sent down the Sakinah into the Hearts of the Believers
Allah the Exalted said,
(He it is Who sent down As-Sakinah), meaning, tranquility. Qatadah commented, "Grace into the hearts of the believers", that is, the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, on the Day of Al-Hudaybiyyah. The companions were they, who accepted the call of Allah and His Messenger and obeyed the decisions of Allah and His Messenger . When their hearts felt content with acceptance and were at peace, Allah increased their faith, joining it to the faith they already had. Al-Bukhari, and other Imams, relied on this Ayah as proof that faith increases and decreases in the hearts. Allah the Exalted said next that had He willed, He would have inflicted defeat on the disbelievers, Allah says;
(And to Allah belong the armies of the heavens and the earth) and had He willed to send only one angel to them, that angel would have brought destruction to all what they had. However, Allah the Exalted willed Jihad and fighting to be established for, and by, the believers for great wisdom, clear reasons and unequivocal evidences that He had in all this. This is why Allah the Great said next,
(and Allah is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise.) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said,
(That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow to abide therein forever,) We mentioned the Hadith that Anas narrated in which the Companions said, "Congratulations, O Allah's Messenger! This good news is for you, so what good news do we have" Allah the Exalted sent down this Ayah,
(That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow to abide therein forever,) meaning they will remain in Paradise forever,
(and He may expiate from them their sins;) Allah will not punish them for their errors and mistakes. Rather, He will forgive, absolve and pardon them and cover the errors, grant mercy and appreciate,
(and that is with Allah supreme success.) Allah the Exalted said in a similar Ayah,
(And whoever is removed away from the Fire and admitted to Paradise, he indeed is successful.) (3:185) Allah said,
(And that He may punish the hypocrites, men and women, and also the idolators, men and women, who think evil thoughts about Allah,) who question the wisdom in Allah's decisions and think that the Messenger and his Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, might be killed and exterminated. This is why Allah the Exalted said,
(for them is a disgraceful torment. And the anger of Allah is upon them, and He has cursed them) He has cast them away from His mercy,
(and prepared Hell for them -- and worst indeed is that destination.) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored asserted His ability to take revenge from the enemies of Islam and all disbelievers and hypocrites,
(And to Allah belong the armies of the heavens and the earth. And Allah is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise.)
Hadits Terkait
Telah bercerita kepada kami ['Abdullah bin Muhammad] telah bercerita kepada kami [Yahya bin Adam] telah bercerita kepada kami [Yazid bin 'Abdul 'Aziz] dari [bapaknya] telah bercerita kepada kami [Habib bin Abu Tsabit] berkata telah bercerita kepadaku [Abu Wa'il] berkata; Kami terlibat dalam perang Shiffiin lalu [Sahal bin Hunaif] berkata; "Wahai sekalian manusia, berhati-hatilah kalian dengan diri kalian. Sungguh kami pernah bersama Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam pada hari Perjanjian Hudaibiyah. Seandainya saat itu kami berpendapat untuk perang pasti kami sudah berperang hingga datang 'Umar bin Al Khaththab seraya berkata; "Wahai Rasulullah, bukankah kita berada di atas kebenaran sedangkan mereka di atas kebathilan?". Beliau Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam menjawab: "Ya, benar". Lalu dia bertanya lagi; "Bukankah siapa yang gugur diantara kita akan masuk surga sedang orang yang tewas dari mereka akan masuk neraka?". Beliau Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam menjawab: "Ya, benar". 'Umar bertanya; "Lalu atas dasar alasan apa kita menimpakan kehinaan dalam agama kita ini, apakah kita akan pulang sedangkan Allah belum memutuskan perkara antara kita dan mereka?". Maka Beliau menjawab: "Wahai putra Al Khaththab, aku ini Rasulullah dan Allah sekali-kali tidak akan menyia-nyiakan aku selamanya". Kemudian 'Umar mendatangi Abu Bakr lalu mengatakan seperti yang dia katakan kepada Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam. Maka Abu Bakr berkata; "Beliau itu Rasulullah dan Allah sekali-kali tidak akan menyia-nyiakan Beliau selamanya". Maka kemudian turunlah surah al-Fath lalu Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam membacakannya kepada 'Umar hingga akhir surat. Lalu 'Umar bertanya; "Wahai Rasulullah, apakah (keputusan) ini tanda kemenangan?". Beliau menjawab: "Ya
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abu Bakar bin Abi Syaibah] dan [Abu Kuraib] keduanya berkata, "Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abu Muawiyah] dari [al-A'masy] dari [Muslim] dari [Masruq] dari [Aisyah] dia berkata, "Dahulu Rasulullah Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam sebelum meninggal memperbanyak membaca doa, 'SUBHAANAKA WABIHAMDIKA ASTAGHFIRUKA WA ATUUBU ILAIKA Mahasuci Engkau, dan dengan memujiMu, aku meminta ampun dan bertaubat kepadaMu'." Aisyah berkata, "Aku berkata, 'Wahai Rasulullah, kalimat inikah yang aku melihatmu barusan membacanya? ' Beliau menjawab, 'Telah dijadikan suatu tanda untukku dalam umatku, apabila aku melihatnya niscaya aku mengucapkannya, 'Idza Ja'a Nashrullah wa al-Fath…hingga akhir surat
Telah menceritakan kepadaku [Muhammad bin Rafi'] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Yahya bin Adam] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Mufadhdhal] dari [al-A'masy] dari [Muslim bin Shubaih] dari [Masruq] dari [Aisyah ra] dia berkata, "Tidaklah aku melihat Nabi Shallallahu'alaihiwasallam sejak beliau diberi wahyu, 'Idza Ja'a Nashrullah wa al-Fath' melakukan shalat, melainkan beliau berdoa atau mengucapkan di dalamnya, 'SUBHAANAKA ROBBII WABIHAMDIKA ALLOOHUMMAGH FIRLII Mahasuci Engkau wahai Rabbku dan dengan memujiMu, ya Allah, ampunilah aku