فَإِن رَّجَعَكَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَىٰ طَآئِفَةٍۢ مِّنْهُمْ فَٱسْتَـْٔذَنُوكَ لِلْخُرُوجِ فَقُل لَّن تَخْرُجُوا۟ مَعِىَ أَبَدًۭا وَلَن تُقَٰتِلُوا۟ مَعِىَ عَدُوًّا ۖ إِنَّكُمْ رَضِيتُم بِٱلْقُعُودِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍۢ فَٱقْعُدُوا۟ مَعَ ٱلْخَٰلِفِينَ
Maka jika Allah mengembalikanmu kepada suatu golongan dari mereka, kemudian mereka minta izin kepadamu untuk keluar (pergi berperang), maka Katakanlah: "Kamu tidak boleh keluar bersamaku selama-lamanya dan tidak boleh memerangi musuh bersamaku. Sesungguhnya kamu telah rela tidak pergi berperang kali yang pertama. Karena itu duduklah bersama orang-orang yang tidak ikut berperang".
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
Hypocrites are barred from participating in Jihad
Allah commands His Messenger, peace be upon him,
(If Allah brings you back), from this battle,
(to a party of them) in reference to the twelve (hypocrite) men, according to Qatadah,
(and they ask your permission to go out), with you to another battle,
(say: "Never shall you go out with me nor fight an enemy with me...") as an admonishment and punishment for them. Allah mentioned the reason for this decision,
("You were pleased to sit (inactive) on the first occasion...") Allah said in a similar Ayah,
(And We shall turn their hearts and their eyes away (from guidance), as they refused to believe therein for the first time. ) 6:110 The recompense of an evil deed includes being directed to follow it with another evil deed, while the reward of a good deed includes being directed to another good deed after it. For instance, Allah said concerning the `Umrah of Hudaybiyyah,
(Those who lagged behind will say, when you set forth to take the spoils.)48:15 Allah said next,
("...then you sit (now) with those who lag behind.") in reference to the men who lagged behind from Tabuk battle, according to Ibn `Abbas.