وَلَقَدْ مَكَّنَّٰهُمْ فِيمَآ إِن مَّكَّنَّٰكُمْ فِيهِ وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ سَمْعًۭا وَأَبْصَٰرًۭا وَأَفْـِٔدَةًۭ فَمَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُمْ سَمْعُهُمْ وَلَآ أَبْصَٰرُهُمْ وَلَآ أَفْـِٔدَتُهُم مِّن شَىْءٍ إِذْ كَانُوا۟ يَجْحَدُونَ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُوا۟ بِهِۦ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ
Dan sesungguhnya Kami telah meneguhkan kedudukan mereka dalam hal-hal yang Kami belum pernah meneguhkan kedudukanmu dalam hal itu dan Kami telah memberikan kepada mereka pendengaran, penglihatan dan hati; tetapi pendengaran, penglihatan dan hati mereka itu tidak berguna sedikit juapun bagi mereka, karena mereka selalu mengingkari ayat-ayat Allah dan mereka telah diliputi oleh siksa yang dahulu selalu mereka memperolok-olokkannya.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
(We also gave them hearing, vision, and hearts. But their hearing, vision, and hearts availed them nothing when they used to deny Allah's signs, and they were completely encircled by that which they used to ridicule!) meaning, they were encircled by the torment and exemplary punishment that they denied and whose occurrence they doubted. This means, you listeners must beware of being like them lest a punishment similar to theirs strikes you in this life and the Hereafter. Allah then says,
(And indeed We have destroyed towns round about you, ) This is addressed to the people of Makkah. Allah destroyed the nations who disbelieved in the Messengers who lived around Makkah, such as `Ad who were at Al-Ahqaf in Hadramawt near Yemen, Thamud whose dwellings were between Makkah and Ash-Sham (Greater Syria), Saba' who were in Yemen, the people of Madyan who were on the route and passage to Ghazzah (Western Palestine), and the people of Lut who dwelt by the lake (the Dead Sea) which they used to pass by (on the way to Jordan) as well. Allah then says,
(and We have shown (them) the signs in various ways) meaning, `We explained and clarified them.'
(so that perhaps they might return. As for those whom they had taken for gods besides Allah, as the means of approach to Him, why then did they not aid them) meaning, did they help them when they were in the greatest need for them
(but they vanished completely from them.) Rather, they completely left them alone when they needed them the most.
(And that was their falsehood, ) meaning, their lie.
(and what they were fabricating.) which means that they fabricated lies by taking them as gods, and they lost and failed in their worship of them and their reliance upon them -- and Allah knows best.
Hadits Terkait
Telah bercerita kepada kami [Makkiy bin Ibrahim] telah bercerita kepada kami [Ibnu Juraij] dari ['Atha'] dari ['Aisyah radliallahu 'anhuma] berkata; "Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam apabila melihat awan mendung di langit, Beliau memandangnya lalu membelakanginya, mondar-mandir antara keluar-masuk rumah dengan wajah yang berubah. Kemudian 'Aisyah minta penjelasan hal itu, maka Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam bersabda: "Aku tidak tahu pasti barangkali kejadiannya bisa seperti kaum yang berkata (sebagaimana firman Allah dalam QS al-Ahqaf ayat 24) yang artinya: "Maka tatkala mereka melihat adzab itu berupa awan yang menuju ke lembah-lembah mereka
Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Ali bin Sa'id Al Kindi] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abu Muhayyah] dari [Abdul Malik bin Umair] dari [Ibnu Akhi Abdullah bin Salam] berkata: Saat Utsman diburu untuk dibunuh, [Abdullah bin Salam] datang lalu Utsman bertanya padanya: Ada perlu apa kau datang? Ia menjawab: Aku datang untuk menolongmu. Utsman berkata: Temuilah orang-orang lalu usirlah mereka dariku karena kau diluar itu lebih baik bagiku dari pada kau didalam. Abdullah bin Salam keluar menemui orang-orang lalu berkata: Wahai sekalian manusia, dulu dimasa jahiliyah aku bernama fulan lalu Rasulullah Shallallahu 'alaihi wa Salam memberiku nama Abdullah, berkenaan denganku turun beberapa ayat kitab Allah, berkenaan dengankulah ayat ini turun: "Dan seorang saksi bani israil menyatakan kesaksian semisalnya dan ia beriman, namun kalian malah menyombongkan diri, sesungguhnya Allah tidak memberi petunjuk orang-orang yang zhalim (QS. Al-Ahqaf 10) Dan diturunkan karenaku, ayat; "Katakanlah: 'Cukuplah Allah dan orang yang memiliki pengetahuan tentang al kitab menjadi saksi antara aku dan kamu sekalian." (Al Israa`: 96), sesungguhnya Allah memiliki pedang yang disarungkan sehingga tidak menebas kalian, para malaikat telah melindungi kalian di negeri kalian. Inilah pesan-pesan yang karenanya nabi kalian turun. Takutlah kalian kepada Allah dari membunuh nabi ini, Takutlah kalian kepada Allah dari membunuh nabi ini, demi Allah jika kalian membunuhnya niscaya para malaikat akan menghilangkan perlindungan terhadap kalian, dan pedang Allah yang dahulunya disarungkan akan dihunus untuk kalian, dan tidak akan disarungkan lagi hingga hari kiamat. Akhirnya mereka berkata: Bunuhlah si Yahudi dan bunuhlah Utsman. Abu Isa berkata: Hadits ini gharib. [Syu'aib bin Shafwan] meriwayatkannya dari [Abdul Malik bin Umair] dari [Ibnu Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Salam] dari [kakeknya, Abdullah bin Salam]